Absorption machine



Jan. 29, 1929. 77 1,700,276

E. ALTENKIRCH ABSORPTI 0N MACHI NE Filed Oct. 17. 1927 V E a f E j z;

. ture having I chines, more especially of the Patented .lan. 29, 1929.

uNrrEo STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMUND ALTENKIRCH, or' ALT- scnocxaazrwnnxn AKTIEN MANY, A. CORPORATION OF GERMANY.

Application filed October 17, 1927, Serial No. 226,768,

LANDSBERG-SUD, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS- GESELLSCHAFT, OF BERLIN-SIEMENSSTADT, GER- ABSORPTION MACHINE.

My invention refers to absorption makind which is used for refrigeration, in which an absorb able gas is in contact with a liquid to, be alternately absorbed by and expelled from such liquid, heat being either liberated or absorbed in consequence of this interaction. The invention more particularly refers to a machine lacking all movable parts and having admixed to the absorbable gaseous refrigerant in the absorber and evaporator a non-absorbable gas. If in a machine of this kind the evaporator is disposed at a the absorber, the mixture of late inasmuch as the gas higher level than gaseswrll circumixture on being cooled down in the evaporator has a higher specific gravity.

3 absorbable') gas,

having a lower admixing an inert (nonmolecular weight than that of the refrigerant, this effeet can be increased further. Inasmuch as the mixture in the evaporator increases in Weight, either by the addition of the weightier refrigerant or by in the evaporator, flowing ward direct-ion.

cooling, it will descend through it in down- Now in many cases the re verse flowof the gas mixture in the evaporator in upward direction would be preferable,

for the liquid refrigerant enters at the top of the evaporator and drips down therein.

When entering at the top its temperature is the highest, while at the bottom it is lowest.

In order, however, to be able to evaporate the liquid refrigerant also at the lowest temperature, it should be mixture of gases brought in contact with that in which the gaseous'refrigerant still has the lowest partial pressure, while the liquid refrigerant entering at the top with a high temperature also if the partial pressure of will evaporate the refrigerant in the mixture of gases, owing to this mix become concentrated, has already risen. Therefore in order to obtain the most favourablemode of operation from the thermo-dynamical point of view, the gas mixture should flow from below upwardly.

In the absorption machine according to the present invention this mode, of operation can be carried out, the machine being characterized thereby that the highest point of thev onduit, through. which the gas mixture flows from the absorber to the evaporator, is arranged at a higher level than the port of the evaporator.

gas exhaust in the gas mixture so that this latter,

and in Germany July 29, 1926.

tor, in which refrigeration is produced by the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant, such as ammonia, supplied through frigerant drips down over the baffle plates 8 and thus passes through the evaporator from above in downward direction, while the mixture of gases, such as ammonia gas and air, enters the evaporator from below through the tube 4 and travels upwardly. In so doing it takes up the evaporating ammonia and flows through tube 5 to the absorber 7, In the absorber dilute absorption liquid drips down, which is supplied collecting at the bottom of the absorber escapes through pipe 9. The liquid absorbs a considerable part of the ammonia contained when escaping from the absorber through tube 4:, only contains'small quantities of ammonia. The concentrated solution flows from the absorber through tube 9 to the boiler 18 which is here shown to be heated by heating resistances which may, however, also be replaced by any other suitable source of heat. The supply of heat causes the ammonia gas to be expelled again. This gas-now flows upwardly through pipe 16 and carries the solution of ammonia along with it into the gas separator 15. From the separator sorption liquid returns the absorber 7, while the expelled ammonia gas is conducted through pipe 17 into the condenser of evaporation being coil-20. The condensate flows through pipe 2 'back into the evaporator 1.

As shown in the drawing, the highest point of tube ,4: is disposed at a higher level than the point where the gas mixture from the evaporator 1 rangement has the desired result, is shown, if the mode of operation after the machine has started working, is examined. Before the start the evaporator 1 and absorber 7 have been filled with a gas mixture which contains a uniform percentage of ammonia In order to start the machine, the boiler or expeller 13 isheated by means of the resistances 14:

pipe 2. The rethe poor or dilute .abthrough pipe 8-into' 19 to be there condensed, the heat abducted by the cooling enters the tube 5. That this arthrough tube 8 and after through pipe 17 into the condenser 19 to be there condensed and to flow into the evapor ator 1 in the form of a liquid. The

as mixture having gained in weight by coo ing and by the admixture of the gaseous ammonia has the tendency of flowing downwardly and therefore fills the adjoining bottom part of tube 4, being, however, prevented from rising in this tube to a higher level than in the evaporator 1. The gas mixture in the evaporator is thus gradually enriched. with ammonia, until-the cooled and enriched gas mixture enters the tube 5, wherein it descends owing to its hi her specific gravity and flows towards the a sorber. In this manner the circulation of the gas mixture in the desired senseis started. The mixture of gases dis-' placed from the absorber 7 and containing less ammonia flows through tube 4 into the bottom of the evaporator 1 and the cycle is now closed. I

As it is unavoidable that in the bottom part of the evaporator more or less liquid collects, which has escaped evaporation, without being able to escape through the gas tubes 4 and and 5, a separate tap pipe 6 is provided, which is so formed that a liquid seal can form therein, thereby preventing gas from passing through. Preferably this pipe is not directly connected with the absorber, but with the gas tube 5. As the liquid escaping through pipe 5 is always rich in ammonia, part of this ammonia will evaporate into the gas mixture flowing past the pipe 6, and this will have a favorable action on the starting of the desired gas circulation, when the machine is being started.

The present invention is particularly useful also in the case where the evaporator 1 is not supplied with liquid ammonia but with an absorption liquid enriched with ammonia and from which the ammonia shall evaporate. In this latter case the gas mixture flowing upwardly in the evaporator has a particularly great influence on the thermo-dy namical action. 1

I v I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described for obvious.

modifications will accur the art.

I claim p 1. Absorption machine comprisingan evap orator, an absorber, a gas exhaust port in said evaporator, a. mixture of an absorbable gas and a non-absorbable gas of different specific gravities arranged for circulation between said evaporator and said absorber, a conduit for said mixture leading from-the upper part of said absorber to-the lower part of said evaporator, the highest point of said conduit being disposed at a' higher level than the gas to a person skilled in exhaust port of said evaporator and a second conduit leading from said gas exhaust port to said absorber.

2. Absorption machine comprising an evappipe leading from said evaporator to said absorber. g

3. Absorption machine comprising an evaporator, an absorber, a gas exhaust port in said evaporator, a mixture of an absorbable gas and a non-absorbable gas of different specific gravities arranged for circulation between said" evaporator and said absorber, a conduit for said mixture leading from the upper part of said absorber to the lower part of said evaporator, the highest point of said conduit being disposed at a higher level than the gas exhaust port'of said evaporator, a second conduit leading from said gas exhaust port of said absorber, a liquid exhaust pipe leading from said evaporator to said absorber and a liquid seal in said pipe.

4. Absorption machine comprising an evaporator, an absorber, a gas exhaust portin said evaporator, a mixture of an absorbable gas and a non-absorbableegas off-different specific gravities arranged for circulation between said evaporator and said absorber, a conduit for said mixture leading from the upper partof said absorbed to the lower part of said evaporator, the highest point of said conduit being disposed at a higherlevel than the gas exhaust port'ot said evaporator, a second conduit leading from said gas exhaust port to said absorber and a liquid exhaust pipe of U-shape leading from said evaporator to said absorber.

5. Absorption machine comprising an evaporator, an absorber, a gas exhaust port in said evaporator, a mixture of an absorbable gas and a non-absorbable gas of different specific gravities arranged for circulationbetween said evaporator and said absorber, a conduit for saidmixture'leading from the upper part of said absorber to the lower part of said evaporator, the highest point of said conduit being disposed at a higherlevel than the gas exhaust port of said evaporator, a sec- 0nd conduit leading from said exhaust port to said absorber and a liquid exhaust pipe lead- 

